In an ideal world, exposure to music would lead listeners to form the following prediction programs:
- Pitch Proximity.
Expect an ensuing pitch to be near the current pitch.
- Regression-to-the-mean.
As the melody moves further away from the center of the pitch distribution, expect the next pitch to move closer to the mean.
- Downward Steps.
Since most intervals are small, and since most leaps ascending, then expect a descending small interval.